Top 5 Philosophers who influenced the world
Shadiya
One of the major factors that stimulated the earlier revolutions in the world was renaissance. Renaissance made significant changes in human life. Many novel ideas that were propounded by several thinkers motivated people to question irrational beliefs and traditions. Renaissance led to the birth of ‘’Enlightenment’ in the eighteenth century. Many thinkers who propagated the ideas like freedom, democracy, equality, and nationalism. These encouraged the people in different parts of the world to protest against the autocratic system prevailing in the earlier world. Here are 5 philosophers who paved the way of ‘Enlightenment’.
An English philosopher and physician. He was regarded as one of the most influential enlightenment thinker and known as the “Father of liberalism”. He was Considered as one of the first of the British empiricists. He followed the tradition of Sir francis bacon. His work affected the development of political philosophy and epistemology.. His writings led to influence other thinkers like Voltaire and Rousseau, and Scottish thinkers, as well as the American evolutionaries. His contributions to liberal theory and classical republicanism are reflected in the united states Declaration of independence.
Thomas paine (January 29, 1736 – June 8, 1809)
Thomas Paine was an English-born American philosopher. He was also a political activist and political theorist. He helped to inspire the patriots to declare independence of the united states.Common sense was his one of famous works that got wide attention in America among people.
Montesquieu (18 January 1689 – 10 February 1755)
Monesquieu was a French philosopher, historian, judge and man of letters. He propound the theory of separation of power, which is implemented in many country’s constitutions throughout the world. His writing influenced founding fathers of the United states in drafting the constitution.He Encouraged democracy and Republic and Suggested division of powers of the government into legislature, executive, and judiciary.
Jean jacques Rousseau ( 28 June 1712 – 2 July 1778)
Rousseau was a philosopher, writer, and composer in Geneva. His philosophy influenced the progress of the enlightenment in Europe. And also influenced the aspects of the french revolution and the development of modern political, economic, and educational thought. Discourse on inequality and the social contract are cornerstone of his political philosophy. His work ‘Emile’ or’ on education’ is an educational treatise on the place of the individual in society. Rousseau was one of the most popular philosophers among the jacobin club.
He was interred as a national hero in Paris after his death.Rousseau Spelled out the importance of freedom with the statement, ‘Man is born free, but everywhere he is in chains’.
Karl marx (5 May 1818 – 14 March 1883)
Karl Marx was a German philosopher, journalist, economist, critic of political economy, historian, sociologist and political theorist. His best-known titles are DAS CAPITAL and THE COMMUNIST MANIFESTO. Marx’s political and philosophical thought had great influence on subsequent intellectual, economic, and political history. Marx’s theories about society, economics, and politics, collectively understood as Marxism. Which holds that human societies develop through class conflicts.
The ideology behind marxism is that the changes in society are based on the prevailing mode of production. Karl marx exhorted that the dictatorship of the proletariat should be established, for labor is the most important factor of production
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John Locke
Jean jacques Rousseau
Das Capital and Communist manifesto